Camera having rotatable lens and mirror turret



1950 L. MANDEL 2,518,347

CAMERA HAVING ROTATABLE LENS AND MIRROR TURRET Filed Feb. 27, 1946 2Sheebs-Sheet 1 I I I I Z I I 4 I l 4 I I a 5 1 ll 11 l 2 4 8, 1950 L.MANDEL 2,518,347

' CAMERA HAVING ROTATABLE LENS AND MIRROR TURRET Filed Feb. 27, 1946 2Sheets-Sheet 2 O I; 27 O if; A 3

I @0672??? Jozzasdlndel Patented Aug. 8, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE CAMERA HAVING ROTATABLE LENS AND MIRROR TURRET 1 Claim.

' This invention relates to improvements in cameras, and one of theobjects of the same is to provide an improved and simple camera wherebya direct positive process is employed, in which no film or plate isused, the picture or image being taken and developed directly upon thepositive paper.

Another object is to provide an improved camera of this character, inwhich any desired number of pictures may be taken upon a roll or supplyof paper, which latter, if in a roll, is cut to the desired length, thecut portions bein deposited into a magazine, the magazine beingremovable and portable, so that the exposures may be transported to theplace of development without danger of being damaged by exposure tolight.

A further object is to provide in a camera of this character, improvedmeans whereby the photographs may be taken either in what is known as upand down position; that is, with the short sides of the paper at the topand bottom, or crosswise (i. e., group-Wise) that is, with the longersides of the paper at the top and bottom, without tilting or changingthe general position of the camera; that is, with the camera maintainedin the same position for each exposure.

A further object is to provide improved means for reflecting ordirecting the picture rays through a lens onto the sensitized paper.

A still further object is to provide an improved camera of thischaracter, which will be simple in construction, durable, practical tomanufacture, and effective and efficient in operation.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new anduseful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features ofnovelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangementof the various parts, hereinafter more fully described and claimed, andshown in the accompanying drawings exemplifying this invention. in whichFig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a camera of this character,embodying this invention, with parts in section and parts in diagram.

Fig. '2 is a sectional View on line 2-2, Fig. 1, with parts omitted.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of Fig. 1, with parts broken away and partsomitted.

Fig. 4 is a detail view, partly in elevation and partly in section, ofthe friction creating means for the reflector, and one of the reflectorsupports.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the friction creating means.

''Fig. 6 is a detail view of one of the reflector 2 supports, and theoperating means for the reflector.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the manner of taking an imagecrosswise of the film.

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, showing the manner of taking animage lengthwise of the film.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the camera consistsessentially of a box or chamher [8, of any desired size andconfiguration, and constructed of any suitable material. The chamber ispreferably rectangular, and is closed except for an entrance door H, andother openings to be later described. This door may be hinged or mountedto slide, to provide a means whereby a magazine i2, hereinafter morefully described, may be inserted into the chamber and removed therefrom.

Mounted upon the top It of the chamber, to

revolve freely with respect thereto, such as by means of a guide !4, isa turret base [5, which has a flange !6 that engages thereunder, and isrotatable with respect to the top I3, preferably by means of a handle11, movable between spaced stops [8, to limit the rotation thereof andto insure that the turret is in the proper position with respect to thefilm, to produce the desired position of the picture upon the film.

The turret also embodies a body portion l9, which is in the form of ahousing, of any desired size and configuration, and which is providedwith an open side 23, through which the rays from the object beingphotographed may strike a reflector 2! within the housing.

A suitable lens 22 is carried by the housing 19, adjacent and alinementwith an opening 23 in the base I5 thereof, so that the rays entering thehousing I9 through the open side 28 thereof, and which strike thereflector 2i, will be directed into the chamber I l, and onto the film.

A suitable shutter, of any well-known type and construction, controlsthe opening 23, and any suitable form of release, such as the usualcable release 24, may be provided to control the operation of theshutter.

The reflector 2! may be of any desired or suitable construction, such asa mirror, prism, or any body of material having a highly polishedreflecting surface, for correcting reversed photographs.

In the present exemplification of the invention, the reflector isdisclosed as a mirror, and is mounted upon a shaft 25, journaled in asuitable bearing at one side of the housing IS. The shaft has secured toit for movement therewith,

3,5. '36, s tably :mounted in the chamber :IIB, to -:pass

such as by means of a screw 26, a holder 21 having a groove 28 thereinto receive one edge of the reflector 2|. This groove preferablydecreases in width from the edge of the holder 21 to the opposite edge,to insure a proper fit and holding of the edge of the reflector. Theshaft is preferably provided with an operating knob or handle 29, bymeans of which the reflector may be swung 'aboutits pivot. The other'side-of the reflector may be similarly supported, and '00- operatingwith the shaft on the last said side of the mirror is a suitable clampor brake device embodying a body portion 39,snitably supported andsplit, as at 3!, to form a yielding or adjustable portion 32. A screw 33is provided to adjust the part 32, to vary the tension of thebra'kemember, and to maintain the reflector iin.its;adjusted positionand against accidental displacement. Any other suitable means may,however,':be provided to accomplish these ends.

Elie :reflector ;-:2, s of 1 any suitable :size, and: is disposed abovethe lens 22, to extend transversely across thevhousing l9iand'the-openside;2t thereo-tza dd adap ed to :b position d thy p r tor togreceivethe ,rays from "the object being photographed, 724$ =Wl11 belater described.

Within the chamber l0, and beneath the opening .23 ,of the iturret, andin ,ali-nement with :the lens;22 to. extendithereacrosa but spacedsfromi the low, ;iS ;a -;sens itized film support 34, ,esuitablyul'monted ,:and of any desired rconfiguration, but preferably being"QI'OVided'aWi'bh' grooves-or guideways along ;its:sides I to ;-receive:andaguide :the :film ilhe film is preferably supplied "from :a :roll

ouer {a guide roller -31, to :be :fed :along the :guide and support .34:by :feed rollers 38-69, asuitably operated, preferably by means of aturning :knob r=-hand1e= 0nthe outsideof the chamber 1:9 Knot shown):Ally suitable means may .be provided :formntting the gfilfll intolengths, after exposure has been vmade on :the portion to be severed.'Such 3511182 115 :mayembody -co-operating cutting 2181B- merits 40-4!arranged adjacent the end of the film guide and support 34, and may :beoperated in any suitable manner from -;the outside of the chamber to, bymeans located :in :a convenient position for the operator.

,A door-or closure 42, suitably mounted, -.is-.-provided :to close anopening in the wall of the chamber I 0, through which opening the film;roll 3.5 may be placed in position, :and through which opening accessmay vbe :readilyhad to athe mechahis-m and parts within the chamber.

*Within the chamber 1-!) is arranged :a compartment 1420., Provided witha-ftop 53, which "latter ;has :an opening at therethrough, ositioned to,receivethe ,-portion:.4.5 of the film :thatais out from the supply,after :exposure. When the :film

is 0111;, :the severed portion will fdTOp'EintO the magazine ['2 throughthe opening 44. A spring controlled slide :46 serves as a closure forthe opening 4'4, and automatically moves into :closing position when themagazine 122 :is --withdrawn through the opening that is closedbytheplosure lei. This slide is providedwith a -downwardly extendingflange or lip-4! which,-when:the magazineisiemoved, will assume aposition ;in-the :path of movement of one end of the magazine when thelatter is being placed back into the -camera. Atthistime the edge of themagazine'engaging thislip or flangewill slide the closure it?! againstthe stress of the resilient closing means, to uncarer the op n n '44., sthat thesevered nortion 45 of the film can drop into the magazine. Asuitable fastening device may be provided to lock the magazine againstbeing pushed out of position by the said resilient means, and to holdthe magazine against accidental displacement.

The magazine I2 is provided with an entrance opening 48, adapted to beclosed by a slide or closure 49 carried by the magazine,and which is ofany' suitable construction, 'so'thatbefore the magazine is removed fromthe compartment 42a, the opening 48 may be closed, to prevent unwantedrays of light from causing damage to the exposed films. -When themagazine is in posi- .tiOIIQiIIithe camera, the slide 49 is adjusted touncover the opening 48.

Anysuitable finder 50 may be provided on the :housin 1 In use, theoperation, briefly stated, is as follows:

When the magazine 12 is in position and the opening M'thereinisuncovered, .the gcamera *is sighted or aimed :hy" means --of the finder.150, :and the reflector :21 is positioned according .to he position :itis desired to -have the object iappea-r upon, and with respect .to thefilm. That sifi, whether the long-or short side of the :fllm 111,0 bethe top of the picture. The reflector id then {adjusted about its pivot,and fin directions towards or away from 'the lens 22, .for obtaining thenecessary height of the obj ect being phot.or phed. The shutter isithenoperated :tOrt3k6 the picture. After exposure, the filmsis-advanced upon the. guide and'support 34 to a position with,

respect to thecutters Mk- H. The-cutters are then operated to-severtheportion 4.5 of the film, so-thatsuch portionmay dropinto the magazineI22. When thedesired ,numberof films accumulate inthe magazine, -lti-lSclosedbyadjusting the closure :45, after which :the magazine removedfrom the "compartment 42a. During-thememoeal of the magazine, theclosure .or :slide 46 :will he automatically operated to close theopening M.

This mamera may be 'placed upon 'arrigidrsupport -or table in --a levelposition, without neoessity ofbeing raised, lowered-or tilted. The

reflecting element :or mirror is the :pnly the camera that requiresadjustment, to obtain the desired height of :the object to Joephotographed. The #revolving -turret laterally esoans the objects to bephotographed. Thus, bymeans of the revolving turret and tiltable:reflectonadbjects within range can be quickly locatedWfo beingphotographed.

While the preferred form 'o'f the invention been herein shown anddescribed, it is to me on derstood that various changes may The :madefin the details of construction, randiin theicombiiration:andarrangement of the :several partspWithin the scope ofthe c1aim,without'departingwfrom' the spirit :of this invention.

What is claimed as new is:

A camera comprising :a l'closed doox having an opening in its-top, aguide member mounted pn the top of said box andsurrounding said open--ing in one side thereof :through which light strays may enter, a handlesecured -to said turret rotating said turret about a vertical axis,spaced stops adapted to be engaged by said handlerito:

limi the rotation of :said turret, 1a reflector fin I said housing i'ordirecting the light rays through said lens, a horizontal rotatable shaftiournaled in said housing and extending transversely with respect to theaxis of said lens, holder members secured to said shaft and havingv-shaped 5 grooves formed therein to receive and hold one edge or thereflector, an operating knob secured to said shaft for rotating saidshaft and said reflector through a very small angle, and a brake deviceacting on said shaft to hold the reflector in any selected position,said brake device consisting of a body mounted on said housing andhaving an opening therein through which said shaft passes, said bodybeing split between one side thereoi" and the opening therein to form ayieldable portion on the body, and an adjusting screw for varying thepressure of the yieldable portion exerted on the shaft to maintain therenector in adjusted position.

LOUIS MANUEL.

nsrnnnncns man The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PA'I'ENTs

